The Danish EQ-5D-5L value set
The Danish EQ-5D-5L value set
Here you will find the Danish EQ-5D-5L value set, recommended for economic evaluation by entities such as the Medicines Council. Additionally, a calculation example demonstrates how these weights should be utilized to compute EQ-5D-5L scores for various quality of life conditions.
The Danish EQ-5D-5L value set have been developed based on over 1000 interviews with a representative sample of the general Danish population, collected during the “Quality of Life Project” (In Danish: Projekt Livskvalitet) in the period 2018-19.
Table 1: The Danish EQ-5D-5L weights
| Mobility, level 2 | 0.041 |
| Mobility, level 3 | 0.054 |
| Mobility, level 4 | 0.157 |
| Mobility, level 5 | 0.220 |
| Self-care, level 2 | 0.035 |
| Self-care, level 3 | 0.050 |
| Self-care, level 4 | 0.144 |
| Self-care, level 5 | 0.209 |
| Usual activities, level 2 | 0.033 |
| Usual activities, level 3 | 0.040 |
| Usual activities, level 4 | 0.139 |
| Usual activities, level 5 | 0.174 |
| Pain/discomfort, level 2 | 0.048 |
| Pain/discomfort, level 3 | 0.094 |
| Pain/discomfort, level 4 | 0.381 |
| Pain/discomfort, level 5 | 0.537 |
| Anxiety/depression, level 2 | 0.072 |
| Anxiety/depression, level 3 | 0.191 |
| Anxiety/depression, level 4 | 0.430 |
| Anxiety/depression, level 5 | 0.618 |
Reference: Jensen CE et al. The Danish EQ-5D-5L Value Set: A Hybrid Model Using cTTO and DCE Data
HOW TO USE EQ-5D-5L WEIGHTS
Calculation Example:
EQ-5D-5L has five dimensions and five levels for each dimension. A response to EQ-5D-5L can be expressed using five numbers.
A patient completes EQ-5D-5L, and the result is the state 11123. This means that the patient has no problems with mobility (dimension 1, level 1), no problems with self-care (dimension 2, level 1), no problems performing usual activities (dimension 3, level 1), but has some pain or discomfort (dimension 4, level 2), and is moderately anxious or depressed (dimension 5, level 3).
The calculation is based on Table 1, where level 1 on all dimensions corresponds to EQ-5D-5L value 1. Levels 2 to 5 for each dimension express the degree of "disutility" to be subtracted from the value 1 to obtain the overall score.
In Table 1 above, the total EQ-5D-5L score for the condition 11123 is calculated as 1 – 0.048 – 0.191 = 0.761.
TRANSLATING FROM EQ-5D-3L TO EQ-5D-5L
If EQ-5D-3L has been used in a clinical trial, it is possible to "translate" these results into new Danish EQ-5D-5L scores. Below is a spreadsheet model that can "translate" states from EQ-5D-3L to EQ-5D-5L, developed by EuroQol.
Calculation example:
A patient completes EQ-5D-3L, and the result is state 11123.
Note that EQ-5D-3L has five dimensions but only three levels for each dimension. This means the patient has no problems with mobility (dimension 1, level 1), self-care (dimension 2, level 1), usual activities (dimension 3, level 1), has moderate pain or discomfort (dimension 4, level 2), and is extremely anxious or depressed (dimension 5, level 3).
In the attached spreadsheet, the EQ-5D-3L value for state 11123 on EQ-5D-3L is 0.404.
The spreadsheet can be opened as a pdf-file or as excel spreadsheet.
BACKGROUND FOR THE ALGORITHM:
The algorithm embeded in EuroQol's spreadsheet model is based on the work done by Ben van Hout and colleagues.
The original article, Interim scoring for the EQ-5D-5L: mapping the EQ-5D-5L to EQ-5D-3L value sets, aimed to enable the use of an EQ-5D-5L questionnaire even when only EQ-5D-3L weights were available. In other words, the article provided a means to answer the question: What would the EQ-5D-5L score have been if an EQ-5D-3L questionnaire had been used alongside EQ-5D-3L weights? To achieve this, responses were collected from participants who had filled out both an EQ-5D-3L questionnaire and an EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Based on these responses, it became possible to create a so-called "cross-walk" algorithm, which allows for the use of EQ-5D-5L questionnaires with EQ-5D-3L weights.
The reverse situation (using EQ-5D-3L questionnaires with EQ-5D-5L weights) can also be managed and is available from EuroQol, as mentioned above. Naturally, this algorithm is called a "reverse cross-walk," and it is the basis for the spreadsheet provided on this page.
The article describing the details of the "reverse cross-walk" algorithm was published in May 2021 in Value in Health.
Articles published in relation to "Projekt Livskvalitet":
The Danish EQ-5D-5L Value Set: A Hybrid Model Using cTTO and DCE Data